Textile yarn



Patented July 12, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TEXTILE YARN tion ofDelaware No Drawing.

Application December 22, 1936, Se-

rial No. 117,146. In Great Britain February Claims.

This application relates to composite yarns containing yarn having abasis of continuous filaments but having the appearance of spun yarn, i.e. of yarn made from staple fibre, and fabrics made therefrom. Theapplication is in part a continuation of our co-pending application S.No. 746,258 filed 29th September, 1934, now Patent No. 2,077,4 i1, whichis in part a continuation of our application S. No. 712,120 filed thFebruary, 1934, itself acontinuation-in-part of our application S. No.652,780, filed 21st January, 1933, now Patent No. 1,959,142 issued 15thMay, 1934.

According to the invention yarns are made by twisting or doubling aplurality of individual strands or yarns at least one of which iscomposed of short lengths of fibrous material and at least one other ofwhich is an imitation spun yarn or stapilized yarn, and the inventionincludes fabrics made from these mixed yarns.

Throughout the specification and claims the term "regular yarn is usedto mean yarn formed by associating a plurality of substantiallycontinuous filaments, and the term spun yarn is used to mean yarn formedby spinning relatively short lengths of filaments or fibres. Thestapilized yarn employed in making yarns according to the invention isformed by any suitable method from regular yarns by cutting, breaking ortearing operations so carried out that at any point in its length one ormore of the filaments in the bundle of filaments constituting the yarnare severed and one or more of the filaments in the bundle remainunsevered and the continuity of the bundle as a whole is not affected.For example the methods described in U. S. Patents Nos. 1,956,600,1,959,142, 2,031,647, 2,044,130 and 2,046,615 maybe employed or thestapilized yarns may be formed by the methods described in U. S. PatentsNos. 2,098,980, 2,096,795, 2,098,-

981 and 2,077,283.

The stapilized yarn may be formed from any desired, regular yarn, forexample, yarn of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative ofcellulose, e. g. other cellulose esters such as cellulose formate,propionate and butyrate and cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose,ethy1 cellulose and benzyl cellulose; yarn of wholly orpartially and uniformly or intermittently saponified organic esters ofcellulose; yarn of regenerated or reconstituted cellulose such asviscose, nitrocellulose or cuprammonium artificial silk; natural silkyarns; and yarns consisting of a mixture of any two or more of thesetypes, according to the effect desired in the mixed yarn. The stapilizedyarn ay be, for example, lustrous, weighted and/or pigmented. The numberof filaments employed in theformation of the stapilized yarn may be from10-200 or more and the denier of the yarns may be, for example, from75-300 with any desirercli degree of twist from 3-20 or more turns permc The spun yarns may be formed by any suitable method of spinningstaple length fibres, e. g. by the worsted method, the woollen method,the French method or the cotton method. Fibres which constitute theseyarns may be, for example, cotton or wool fibres. or artificial fibres,e. g. cellulose acetate staple fibre. and preferably are wool fibreshaving a staple length between 2 and 8 inches of a grade between 54s and72's. If desired staple length fibres of cellulose acetate or otherorganic derivatives of cellulose may be mixed with wool or cotton toform the spun yarn. The spun yarns may be of any suitable size and ofany desired degree of twist, although it is gen.- erally preferable toemploy spun yarns having a count of 20-60 with a twist of 1120 turns perinch.

With the stapilized and spun yarns-there may be associated regularyarns, which may, for example, be formed by associating from 3 or 10 to100 or 200 or more continuous filaments of the nature of those used inthe regular yarns de-- scribed above in connection with the formation ofthe stapilized yarns. The constituent filaments of these regular yarnsmay be associated with substantially no twist or with a twist of up to50 or more turns per inch.

The composite yarn may be formed by twisting or doubling togetherstapilized yarns and spun yarns in any desired ratio; for example, onespun yarn may be twisted with one stapilized yarn or with 2, 3, 4 ormore stapilized yarns.

The composite yarns may be formed from the several constituent yarns bytwisting to an extent of, for example, 3-15 turns per inch. The twistimparted in the twisting or doubling operation may be in the samedirection or in the opposite direction to the twist of the yarns formingthe individual components. Furthermore, spun yarn having a right-handtwist may be doubled with stapilized yarn having a left-hand twist, thetwo components being twisted together with either a left or right-handtwist.

The composite yarns made as described above may be woven, knitted,knotted or netted into fabrics. These fabrics are wool-like inappearance and possess characteristics which render them particularlywell suited for mens summer and winter suits and for women's light andheavy- Attractive fabrics may be woven from the composite yarns of theinvention, for example, in plain 1:1 weave or in patterns, herringbones, basket weaves and the like. The fabric may contain any desirednumber of warp ends or picks. Thus, for example, fabric may be woven ina plain 1:1 weave having from 35-45 warp ends and from 30-45 picks.

After formation the fabric may be finished and dyed in the usual manner.over, that fabrics containing thecomposite yarns of the invention areexceptionally well suited to napping operations by brushing the surfaceof the formed fabric. The fabrics are also noteworthy for their gooddraping powers, especially when containing regular yarns of organicderivatives of cellulose in addition to the spun yarns and stapilizedyarns of organic derivatives of cellu1ose. I

The following example illustrates the invention but is not to beregarded as limiting it in any way:- I

Example A composite yarn is formed by twisting together with 8 turnsright-hand twist, 3 ends of a 170 denier pigmented stapilized yarnhaving a twist of turns right-hand, and a spun worsted- -woolen yarnhaving a count of 40 and a twist of 14 right-hand turns per inch. The'resulting composite yarn is woven into a fabric with a plain 1:1 weavehaving 42 warp ends and 34 picks.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by LettersPatent is:-

1.,A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn and at least onestapilized yarn.

2. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres andat least one stapilized yarn containing an organic derivative ofcellulose.

3. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres andat least one stapilized yarn'containing cellulose acetate.

4. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yam of wool fibres of18-60 count and having a twist of 11-20 turns per inch, and at least onestapilized yarn containing an organic derivative of cellulose. I

5. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres of18-60 count and having a twist ofl1-20 turns per inch, and at least onestapilized yarn containing an organic derivative of cellulose and ofdenier between 75 and 200 with a twist of 3-20 turns per inch.

It is found, more- 6. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarnof wool fibres of 18-60 count and having a twist of 11-20 turns perinch, and at least one stapilized yarn containing an organic derivativeof cellulose and of denier between 75 and 200 with a twist of 3-20 turnsper inch, the constituent yarns being twisted together at 3-15 turns perinch.

7. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres of18-60 count and having a twist of 11-20 turns per inch, and at least onestapilized yarn containing an organic derivative of cellulose and ofdenier between 75 and 200 with a twist of 3-20 turns per inch in thesame direction as the twist of the spun yarn.

8. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres of18-60 count and having a twist of 11-20 turns per inch, and at least onestapilized yarn containing an organic derivative of cellulose and ofdenier between 75 and 200 with a twist of'3-20 turns per inch in thesame direction as the twist of the spun yarn, the constituentyarnsfbeing twisted together at 3-15 turns per inch in the samedirection as the spun yarn.

' 9. A composite yarn containing at least one.

spun yarn of wool fibres and at least three stapilized yarns containingan organic derivative of cellulose.

10. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres of18-60 count and having a twist of 11-20 turns per inch, and at leastthree stapilized yarns containing an organic derivative of cellulose andof denier between 75 and 200 with a twist of 3-20 turns per inch in thesame direction as the twist of the spun yarn.

11. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn, at least onestapilized yarn, and at least one regular yarn. I

12. A composite yarn containing at least one spun yarn of wool fibres,at least one stapilized yarn containing an organic derivative ofcellulose, and at least one regular yarn containing an organicderivative of cellulose.

13. A fabric containing a composite yarn, said composite yarn containingat least one spun yarn and at least one stapilized yarn.

14. A fabric containing a composite yam, said composite yarn containingat least one spun yarn of wool fibres and at least one stapilized yarncontaining an organic derivative of cellulose.

15. A fabric containing a composite yarn, said composite yarn containingat least one spun yarn, at least one stapilized yarn, and at least oneregular yarn.

MA'I'I'HEW MICHAEL TAYLOR. STEPHEN MILIER. FULTON.

